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http://doi.org/10.15407/visn2013.10.058
Visn. Nac. Akad. Nauk Ukr. 2013. (10): 58—70

N.A. Matvieieva
Institute of Cell Biology and Genetic Engineering of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv

UNKNOWN ANTARCTICA: PLANTS DISCLOSE THEIR SECRETS

Abstract:
Antarctica is an outlying and hard-to-reach Earth continent. Antarctic flora consists of algae, mosses, lichens and only two species of vascular plants. Strong winds, low temperatures and air humidity levels, high levels of solar radiation make conditions for plant life extreme. Plants that adapt and survive in such an environment can be the targets of biotechnological research. Creating of Antarctic plants in vitro collection, which includes about 40 collection samples made it possible to use them to study the effects of abiotic stresses (salinity, high nitrogen content, the presence of highly toxic Cr(VI), low and high temperature). The use of these plants allowed to quantify the stressor effect on a number of parameters, including mass growth, storage sugar content. Such research allowed to determine features of the influence of abiotic stress and to compare the resistance to them of different plants. According to the research it was found that W. fontinaliopsis plants significantly differ from other studied plant species and are unique. The study of the genome of these plants has the potential to become the basis for the use of their valuable genetic material in biotechnology to create crops resistant to abiotic stresses.
Keywords: Antarctic plants, in vitro culture, abiotic stress, biotechnology.

 

Language of article: ukrainian.

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